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Caspar Stoll (Hesse-Kassel, probably between 1725 and 1730 - Amsterdam, December 1791) was either a clerk or a porter at the Admiralty of Amsterdam. He is best known for the publication of most of the descriptions and plates of ''De Uitlandsche Kapellen'', a work on butterflies, started by Pieter Cramer. He also published several works of his own on other insect groups. Stoll's 1787 publication on stick insects, mantids and their relatives is also well known. It was translated into French in 1813. ==Life== Caspar Stoll was born in Hesse-Kassel but lived most of his life in The Hague and Amsterdam. In 1746, he and his brother Georg Daniel both lived in The Hague. It looks like Caspar worked for a notary: several times he put his signature as a witness. His first wife was Maria Sardijn. Her brother was a tax collector and a notary. On 18 January 1761, they married in a church in Scheveningen. They had four children baptized in The Hague.〔Willem (1764, died after 14 weeks of heartburn and a stupor), Anna Elisabeth (1765), Willem (1766) and Geertruida Frederika (1767).〕 The godfather of the two boys was twice William V of Orange-Nassau and once baron Rengers.〔The butterflies he would describe twenty years later partly belonged to the collections of the stadtholder and Rengers (1713 - 1784).〕 Before 1769 Stoll moved to Amsterdam. The couple lived on Haarlemmerdijk near Prinsengracht in a house he finally bought in 1778, and close to Jan Christiaan Sepp, who published some of his works. In Amsterdam, again four children were born.〔Caspar (baptized 24-03-1769), Margaretha Casparina Femia (31-08-1770), Johanna Margaretha (06-07-1772) and another Caspar (09-11-1773); see (Doopregister Stadsarchief Amsterdam ).〕 In 1772 two children died within a few months. After the death of his first wife, in June 1786,〔She was buried on 19 June 1786, in the churchyard of the Noorderkerk, see (Burial Register Amsterdam ).〕 he married Anna Elizabeth Kaal, originally from Hamburg. Her brothers lived in the area nearby. They married with a settlement on 21 October 1791, after having a baby, born a few months before. Stoll was working hard to finish his handwritten copies.〔These now belong to the Artis Library.〕 On 22 December 1791, Stoll had made up his will.〔Notary C.W. Decker, no. 259 & 260. The three children Willem, Geertruida Frederica and Caspar should each get 300 guilders.〕 Before the end of the year he died. On 2 January 1792, Stoll was buried in the Noorderkerk in the morning. With Anna Elizabeth he had another child, a son, born after his death.〔Caspar Timotheus Fredrik (baptized 30-08-1792), see (Doopregister Stadsarchief Amsterdam ).〕 Precisely a year after his death, Anna Elizabeth, a member of the Lutheran church, married A.R. van Weylik, a burgomaster of Edam. Stoll became involved with Pieter Cramer's ''De Uitlandsche Kapellen'' before 1774.〔See (p. 7 ) of the Preface. The General Introduction to the work was dated 2 December 1774, see (p. XXX ).〕 He took over the entire work after the death of Cramer, on 26 September 1776.〔See (p. 5 ) of ''Natuurlyke () afbeeldingen en beschryvingen der Cicaden''.〕 The first four volumes were finished in 1782 but Stoll kept working, at a much slower pace, caused by the lack of new material as he himself explained,〔 on the supplement (''Aanhangsel''), which was finally finished in 1791. Stoll mentioned that all the butterflies were collected in the Dutch colonies, like Surinam, Ceylon, Java, Ambon and Sierra Leone. The work was completed ''"without losing sight of the all-powerful hand of the Creator"''. In the 18th century this was a sort of automatism, to safeguard a book from being banned or burned.〔Bots, J. (1972) Tussen Descartes en Darwin. Geloof en natuurwetenschap in de achttiende eeuw in Nederland, p. 146.〕 While working on the supplement, he also worked on other insect groups, of which he was able to publish a volume on cicadas, one on heteroptera and finally a volume on mantids and related insects: ''Natuurlyke en naar 't leeven naauwkeurig gekleurde afbeeldingen en beschryvingen der spooken etc.''. On the title page of this and other works, Stoll mentioned he was a member of the ''"Natuuronderzoekend Genoodschap te Halle"''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Caspar Stoll」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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